{"id":73,"date":"2017-04-24T22:27:21","date_gmt":"2017-04-24T20:27:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lab3216.com\/?p=73"},"modified":"2018-11-07T11:07:47","modified_gmt":"2018-11-07T10:07:47","slug":"lautoloading-dans-php","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/?p=73","title":{"rendered":"L’autoloading dans PHP"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’autoloading permet de charger automatiquement les classes.<\/p>\n

Au lieu d’ajouter un<\/p>\n

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<\/div><\/td>
require<\/span> 'className.php'<\/span>;<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n

\u00e0 chaque fois que l’on a besoin d’une classe, on va cr\u00e9er un autoloader qui charge automatiquement les classes.<\/p>\n

Pour cr\u00e9er un autoloader qui charge les classes \u00e0 chaque fois qu’il rencontre une directive new comme dans :<\/p>\n

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<\/div><\/td>
new<\/span> className(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n

nous devons d’abord cr\u00e9er la fonction:<\/p>\n

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function<\/span> __autolad(<\/span>$class_name<\/span>)<\/span>{<\/span>
\n   require<\/span> 'class\/'<\/span> .<\/span> $class_name<\/span> .<\/span> '.php'<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n

d\u00e8s \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent nous n’avons plus besoin d’utiliser de<\/p>\n

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<\/div><\/td>
require<\/span> 'className.php'<\/span>;<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n

C’est l’autoloader qui s’en charge maintenant d’inclure la d\u00e9claration de la classe.<\/p>\n

L’inconv\u00e9nient ici, c’est que toutes les classes doivent se trouver dans le dossier class\/ et il n’est pas possible de d\u00e9clarer d’autre autoloaders<\/p>\n

La solution pour rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 ce probl\u00e8me consiste ici \u00e0 d\u00e9clarer l’autoloader de cette mani\u00e8re<\/p>\n

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function<\/span> myAutoloader(<\/span>$class_name<\/span>)<\/span>{<\/span>
\n   require<\/span> 'class\/'<\/span> .<\/span> $class_name<\/span> .<\/span> '.php'<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n

et d’utiliser la fonction<\/p>\n

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<\/div><\/td>
spl_autoloader_register(<\/span>'myAutoloader'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n

qui enregistre la fonction myAutoloader() dans la pile __autoload()<\/p>\n

Nous pourront ainsi d\u00e9clarer\u00a0plusieurs autoloaders<\/p>\n

Une id\u00e9e encore meilleure ici est de cr\u00e9er une classe Autoloader<\/p>\n

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<\/div><\/td>
class<\/span> Autoloader {<\/span>
\n static function<\/span> register(<\/span>)<\/span>{<\/span>
\n  spl_autoload_register<\/span><\/a>(<\/span>array<\/span><\/a>(<\/span>__CLASS__<\/span>,<\/span>'autoload'<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n static function<\/span> autoload(<\/span>$class_name<\/span>)<\/span>{<\/span>
\n  require<\/span> 'class\/'<\/span> .<\/span> $class_name<\/span> .<\/span> '.php'<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n

Il faudra ensuite inclure uniquement la classe Autoloader et appeler notre m\u00e9thode register de Autoloader<\/p>\n

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require<\/span> 'class\/autoloader.php'<\/span>;<\/span>
\nAutoloader::<\/span>register<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n

avant d’instancier nos classes.<\/p>\n

De cette mani\u00e8re, il ne sera plus n\u00e9cessaire d’inclure les d\u00e9clarations de classes et il sera possible d’inclure d’autres autoloaders.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’autoloading permet de charger automatiquement les classes. Au lieu d’ajouter un 1require ‘className.php’; \u00e0 chaque fois que l’on a besoin d’une classe, on va cr\u00e9er un autoloader qui charge automatiquement les classes. Pour cr\u00e9er un autoloader qui charge les classes \u00e0 chaque fois qu’il rencontre une directive new comme dans : 1new className(); nous devons … Continuer la lecture de L’autoloading dans PHP<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ub_ctt_via":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-73","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-development-web"],"featured_image_src":null,"author_info":{"display_name":"metouisa","author_link":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/?author=1"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=73"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":178,"href":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73\/revisions\/178"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=73"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=73"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.scribter.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=73"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}